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Dean and Chapter of Westminster
The Dean and Chapter of Westminster are the ecclesiastical governing body of Westminster Abbey, a collegiate church of the Church of England and royal peculiar in Westminster, Greater London. They consist of the Dean and several canons meeting in chapter and are also (less frequently) known as the Dean and Canons of Westminster.
==Foundation==
The first college of canons was established by letters patent on 17 December 1540 by Henry VIII. Under the Bishop of Westminster of the newly-created Diocese of Westminster, there was a Dean and 12 canons, six of whom were former monks of the abbey. They survived the dissolution of the diocese in 1550, becoming a second cathedral of the Diocese of London until 1556 when the college was dissolved by Mary I. The second college of canons was established on 21 May 1560 by Elizabeth I, this time as a royal peculiar.〔Knighton, C. S. & Mortimer, Richard. Westminster Abbey reformed: 1540–1640〕 From 16 November 1645 the Dean and canons were dispersed and a committee of the Lords and Commons from the Long Parliament governed. The Dean and canons were restored on the Restoration in 1660.
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